It appears that you are quite good at troubleshooting, you also don't seem to have any fear of tackling a wiring gremlin.
My theory is that the wiring to your MAP sensor is corroded - specifically the ground. My S4 NA did exactly the same thing and re-grounding the MAP sensor made the problems go away.
I also would clean the engine grounds and the ground on the drivers shock tower.
Hope this helps!
Bear in mind that the S4 only uses the TPS for light throttle cruising.
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1986 GXL ('87 4-port NA - Haltech E8, LS2 Coils. Defined Autoworks Headers, Dual 2.5" Exhaust (Dual Superflow, dBX mufflers)
1991 Coupe (KYB AGX Shocks, Eibach lowering springs, RB exhaust, Stock and Automatic)
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